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cordon sanitaire
''Cordon sanitaire'' ((:kɔʁdɔ̃ sanitɛʁ)) is a French phrase that, literally translated, means "sanitary cordon". It originally denoted a barrier implemented to stop the spread of disease, such as the Black Death. The term has also often been used in English in a metaphorical sense to refer to attempts to prevent the spread of an ideology deemed unwanted or dangerous,〔(), 1927〕 such as the containment policy adopted by George F. Kennan against the Soviet Union.
==For disease==
A ''cordon sanitaire'' is generally created around an area experiencing an epidemic of disease. Once the cordon is established, people from the infected area are no longer allowed to leave. In the most extreme form, the cordon is not lifted until the infection is extinguished, forcing everyone inside to either die or survive. The tactic was used during the Black Death, for instance during the Great Northern War plague outbreak. The first actual use of the term ''cordon sanitaire'' was in 1821, when French troops were deployed to the border between France and Spain in the Pyrenees Mountains in order to prevent a deadly fever from spreading from Spain into France.〔
Since the twentieth century, the tactic has been rarely used: prior to 2014, the last time it was used was in 1918, when the Polish-Russian border was closed to stop the spread of typhus.〔 A ''cordon sanitaire'' was more likely to be used as a plot device in fiction, such as in Albert Camus' ''The Plague''. However, in August 2014, a ''cordon sanitaire'' was established around some of the most affected areas of the 2014 West Africa Ebola virus outbreak.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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